Plant Fossil Flower like Pteridophyte Sphenophyllum liana like horsetail fossil

Description

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Specimen:
F
lower like Pteridophyte, liana like horsetail fossil
Sphenophyllum cuneifolium
( Sternberg ) Zeiller
Locality:
All detailed and accurate data will be provided with the specimen
Stratigraphy:
Upper Carboniferous / Westphalian
B
Age:
ca 300 Mya
Matrix dimensions:
9
,0 x 6,0 x 1,5 cm ( scale bar - white square on pictures is 1,0 x 1,0 cm )
Description:
F
lower like Pteridophyte, liana like horsetail fossil
Sphenophyllum cuneifolium
( Sternberg ) Zeiller
Sphenophyllum
, genus of extinct plants that lived from the end of the Devonian Period to the beginning of the Triassic Period (about 360 to 251 million years ago); it is most commonly reconstructed as a shrub or a creeping vine.
Sphenophyllum
had a strong node-internode architecture, which has led some authorities to ally it with modern horsetails. Branches and leaves were arranged in whorls at each node much like the later
Calamites
; however, the leaves of
Sphenophyllum
were triangular in shape. Spore-bearing cones were also similar to those of
Calamites
and modern horsetails; however,
Sphenophyllum
lacked the hollow central stem that characterizes horsetail relatives because its tracheids, or water-conducting cells, were arranged in a central triangle surrounded by wood.
Sphenophyllum
grew in floodplain swamps, away from the margins of rivers.
Systematic:
Division:
Tracheophyta (Sphenopsida)
Class:
Equisetosidae
Order:
Equisetales
Family:
Calamitaceae
Genus:
Sphenophyllum Brongniart 1828
Species:
Sphenophyllum cuneifolium
( Sternberg ) Zeiller